Power-hammer.



N0.'787,831. PATENTED APR. 11, 1905. J. HEINRICH & H. DORSGH.

POWER HAMMER.

APPLIGATION FILED JUNE 15,1904.

Patented April 11, 1905.

UNtTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JACOB HElNltlUll AND ll ElNR-ltll DORSLH, OF Fl lH'llI-l, GERMANY.

POWER-HAMMER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 787,331, dated April 11, 1905.

Original application filed October 5, 1903, Serial No. 175,864. Divided and this application filed June 15, 1904. Serial No. 212,675.

Be it known that we. Jacon l'lIClNI-LHII and Ilium-non Dtmsou, subjects of the King-of la varia, residing at Fi'irth, 3avaria, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in lower-Hammers, of which the following is a specilication.

The present invention relates to improvements in power-hammers, and particularly to hammers for use with machines designed for beating leaf metal, such as is shown in bur application, Serial No. 175,864, liled October 5,1903, of which this application is a division.

In the accompanyingdrawings, Figure it is a side elevation of a power-hammer constructed in accordance with this invention. Fig. 2 is a front elevation, partly in section, of the same. Figs. 3 and at are detail views.

Referring to the drawings, in the several ligures of which like reference characters designate corresponding parts, 1 designates the framework or standard of a power-hammer, which may be of any suitable form and size. Above the bed 2 supported a controllingcylinder 3, which is open at its lower end and provided at its upper end with a swinging cover-plate or top piece that will be hereinafter more particularly referred to. \Vithin said cylinder titted a tubular or hollow piston 5, to the lower end of which is secured the hammer-head 6. Power is transmitted to said piston and hammer head 'from a powershaft 7, mounted in suitable bearings in arms or brackets extending upwardly from the frame of the machine, by means of links 8, which are connected at their upper ends with an eccentric on said shaft and at their lower ends with a plunger 9, arranged within the piston As shown, suitable slots are formed in the walls of the piston 5 and control]ing-cylinder 3, through which extend the gudgeons or pins lo, by means of which the plunger 9 and links or rods h are connected. The plunger 9 is of less length than the piston within which it re- (cciprocates, so that chambers 11 '12 are formed in said piston above and below said plunger, respectively,and the slots in the piston through which the gudgeons 10 extend are of such length that a slight movement of the plunger 9 in either direction carries it past the adjacent ends of said slots and closes the open end of the chamber ll or 12. Further movement of the plunger acts to compress the air in the chamber ll or l2 into which the plunger moves, and thus provides a cushion for the hammer-heaul.

A plurality of passages 13 are formed in the hinged or swinging cover a of the controllingcylinder, and a flap-valve It is arranged to close said openings against the admission of fluid to the cylinder through said passages, while permitting it to escape as the piston 5 is moved upwardly in the cylinder. To permit of the entrance of air to the cylinder 3 3 above the piston .3 therein, a handle 15 is connected with said cover a and provided with a guide-linger US, arranged to travel over a graduated bar or scale 17, by means of which the relative position of the cover i can be de- 7 tcrmined at any time, said handle being adapted to engage said bar 17 to hold the cover 4: in the desired position and control the extent of opening the port at the upper end of the cylinder as desired.

The operation of the invention may be brietly described as follows: Assuming that the piston 5 and the attached hammer-head are in their-lowermost positions and that the cover or swinging top 4 is opened to a suit- 8O able extent as the links or rods 8 move upwardly, the plunger 9 closes the chamber 11 in the piston, and as the air within said chamber is compressed the piston and hammerhead are carried up in the cylinder 3, the eush- 5 ion formed in the chamber ll preventing shock to the hammerhead. As the links 8 and plunger t) descend the chamber 12 in the piston is closed and the compression of air therein acts to cushion the blow delivered by 9 the hammer to the material arranged beneath it on the table 2. The strength of the blow delivered by the hammer can be varied and controlled as desired by adjustment of the coverplate 4: of the cylinder 3. If such plate is moved into the position shown in Figs. 2 and 3, it will be seen that a more or less complete vacuum will be produced in the chamber of the cylinder 3 above the piston as the latter starts down, which will act to limit I00 or stop the downward movement of the piston and hammer-head before the latter comes in contact with the material arranged beneath it on the table 2, the complete movement of the plunger 9 merely producing an abnormal compression in the chamber 12 of the piston. 1f the cover 4: is in an open position, no vacuum being produced above the piston 5, the air in the chamber 12 is not compressed and the full force of the downward movement of the links 8 is transmitted to the hammer 6,thus increasing the strength of the blow according to the extent of opening of the cover 4.

The hammer forming the subject-matter of this invention is particularly designed for beating leaf metal, and, as above described, in the particular embodiment thereof illustrated in the accompanying drawings air is the fluid admitted to the cylinder for controlling the strength of the blows delivered by the hammer. Certain features of the invention may, however, be used in connection with other fluids.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed is 1. In apoWer-hammer, the combination of a cylinder, a tubular piston working within said cylinder and having a hammer-head connected thereto, a plunger within the piston, power devices for reciprocating said plunger, and means for varying the admission of fluid to the cylinder to limit the movement imparted to the piston by said plunger.

2. In a power-hammer, the combination of a cylinder provided with an opening or port, a

piston working within said cylinder and having a hammer-head connected thereto, power devices for reciprocating the piston, aswinging plate adapted to close the aforesaid opening or port in the cylinder, and means for holding said plate in the desired position, substantially as and for the purpose described.

3. In a power-hammer, the combination of a cylinder provided with an opening or port, a piston working within said cylinder and having a hammer-head connected thereto, power devices for reciprocating the piston, a plate movable to and from a position across said opening or port in the cylinder and provided with a passage for fluid, a valve for preventing the passage of fluid into the cylinder through the passage in said plate, and means for holding said plate in the desired position relative to the port in the cylinder.

4C. In a power-hammer, the combination of a cylinder open at one end and havingahinged plate or cover at its other end, a piston arranged to work within the cylinder and having the hammer-head connected thereto, power devices for reciprocating the piston, and means for securing the hinged plate or cover in the desired position.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JACOB HEINRICH. HEINRICH DORSCH. Witnesses:

OSCAR BOOK, GEoRG LEVY. 

